Fortress Press

The Lord's Words: The Hermeneutics and Theology of Memory in John’s Gospel

The Lord's Words

The Hermeneutics and Theology of Memory in John’s Gospel

Michael Theobald (Author), Jacob N. Cerone (Translator)

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Available November 11, 2025

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The great Johannine speeches of Jesus in the fourth gospel exert an unbroken magic on their listeners. They accomplish this by use of vivid imagery (e.g., bread, vine, shepherd, way) and their many repetitions of crucial insights. What seems at first monotonous actually draws one into a deep spiral of knowledge.

Apart from a few exceptions, interpreters of John's gospel agree: The historical Jesus did not speak as John styles his Jesus. If the goal is to reconstruct the message and words of the historical Jesus, one will have to turn to the synoptic gospels. The Lord's Words develops a new explanation model for the genesis of the Johannine Jesus speeches: These speeches are based on "core words" from the Johannine church tradition, which the evangelist received, reflected in the monologues and dialogues of the gospel, and so worked out his speech compositions.

The study is not, as in an older branch of research, the apologetic attempt to connect John to a presumed Jesus tradition by tracing the development of the "words of the Lord." Rather, the book focuses upon the literary and theological hermeneutics of the evangelist in dealing with those "good words."

At the same time, the book pursues the goal of uncovering the origins of the high Johannine Christology ("Wisdom Christology"), investigating the trauma of the Johannine Christians' schism from the Jewish synagogue.

  • Publisher Fortress Press
  • Format Hardcover
  • ISBN 9798889832355
  • eBook ISBN 9798889832362
  • Dimensions 6.25 x 9.25
  • Pages 395
  • Publication Date November 11, 2025

Endorsements

Theobald's monograph is the most detailed and thorough investigation of the sayings tradition behind the discourses of Jesus in John. It is indispensable for any discussion of the historical source value of the fourth gospel and the growth of the Johannine tradition. Fortress Press is to be commended for making this important work available in English.

Jörg Frey, professor of New Testament, University of Zurich

This is a major contribution to Johannine scholarship. Focusing on memorable sayings of Jesus, Michael Theobald shows how they form the core of Johannine discourses. He traces a dynamic process in which sayings like those in the Synoptics and those unique to John were transmitted and shaped by a community. He provides a way to understand the interplay between Synoptic and Johannine traditions that moves beyond older paradigms and illuminates the final form of the text. This volume makes his rich and detailed work accessible to English-language readers. Its insights enrich current discussion of the fourth gospel.

Craig Koester, Asher O. and Carrie Nasby Professor Emeritus of New Testament, Luther Seminary

In this updated and translated version of his work, Theobald invites readers to reconsider John's creativity alongside the Gospel's connections to developing early Christianity. As John is grounded in high Christology and an emphasis on the Paraclete's ongoing hermeneutical endeavors, Theobald argues we should not expect this Gospel to simply restate Jesus's words but to reshape them through Spirit-inspired remembrance. While we may not be able to recover all the twists and turns in this process, Theobald takes readers on a journey that adds texture and connection between John's Gospel and the larger second-century Roman world.

Alicia D. Myers, associate professor of New Testament, Baylor University, and author of Reading John and 1, 2, 3 John and The Theology of the Gospel of John

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